| Cervidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific Classification | |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Mammalia |
| Order | Artiodactyla |
| Family | Cervidae |
Cervidae is a family from the Artiodactyla order.
Appearance[]
Deer weights generally range from 30 to 300 kilograms (70 to 700 lb), though the smallest species, the Northern Pudú, averages 10 kilograms (20 lb) and the largest, the moose, averages 431 kilograms (1,000 lb). They generally have lithe, compact bodies and long, powerful legs suited for rugged woodland terrain. Deer are also excellent jumpers and swimmers. Deer are ruminants, or cud-chewers, and have a four-chambered stomach. The teeth of deer are adapted to feeding on vegetation, and like other ruminants, they lack upper incisors, instead having a tough pad at the front of their upper jaw.
Taxonomy[]
Note that the terms indicate the origin of the groups, not their modern distribution: the water deer, for example, is a New World species but is found only in China and Korea. It is thought that the new world group originates from the forests of North America and Siberia, the old world deer in Asia.
Extant subfamilies, genera and species[]
The deer family has at least 90 species; The list is based on the studies of Randi, Mucci, Claro-Hergueta, Bonnet and Douzery (2001); Pitraa, Fickela, Meijaard, Groves (2004); Ludt, Schroeder, Rottmann and Kuehn (2004); Hernandez-Fernandez and Vrba (2005); Groves (2006); Ruiz-Garcia, M., Randi, E., Martinez-Aguero, M. and Alvarez D. (2007); Duarte, J.M.B., Gonzalez, S. and Maldonado, J.E. (2008); Groves and Grubb (2011) The family Cervidae is organized as follows:
Genus Elaphodus[]
- Tufted Deer
Genus Muntiacus[]
- Bornean Yellow Muntjac
- Fea's Muntjac
- Javan Muntjac
- Indian Muntjac
- Sri Lankan Muntjac
- Black-legged Muntjac
- Northern Red Muntjac
- Roosevelt's Muntjac
- Sumatran Muntjac
- Gongshan Muntjac
- Hairy-fronted Muntjac
- Reeves's Muntjac
- Giant Muntjac
- Pu Hoat Muntjac
- Leaf Muntjac
- Annamite Muntjac
Tribe Cervini ("true" deer)[]
Genus Dama[]
- Fallow Deer
- Persian Fallow Deer
Genus Axis[]
- Chital
Genus Rucervus[]
- Eastern Swamp Deer
- Western Swamp Deer
- Barasingha
- Schomburgk's Deer
Genus Panolia[]
- Manipur Eld's Deer
- Eastern Eld's Deer
- Thamin
Genus Elaphurus[]
Genus Hyelaphus[]
- Indian Hog Deer
- Indochinese Hog Deer
- Calamian Deer
- Bawean Deer
Genus Rusa[]
- Visayan Spotted Deer
- Philippine Deer
- Mindoro Deer
- Mindanao Mountain Deer
- Javan Rusa
- Southeast Asian Sambar
- Indian Sambar
Genus Cervus[]
- West European Red Deer
- East European Red Deer
- Caspian Red Deer
- Corsican Red Deer
- Yarkand Deer
- Bactrian Deer
- Thorold's Deer
- Sika Deer
- Vietnamese Deer
- Tsushima Island Deer
- Formosan Deer
- Kashmir Stag
- Manchurian Wapiti
- Tibetan Red Deer
- Sichuan Deer
- Alashan Wapiti
- Elk
Genus Alces[]
Genus Capreolus[]
- Roe Deer
- Siberian Roe Deer
Genus Hydropotes[]
- Water Deer
Genus Rangifer[]
- Reindeer
Genus Hippocamelus[]
- Taruca
- South Andean Deer
Genus Mazama[]
- Gray Brocket
- Northern Venezuelan Brocket
- Ecuador Brocket
- Isla San Jose Brocket
- Colombian Brocket
- Brazilian Brocket
- Peruvian Brocket
- Rodon
- Amazonian Brown Brocket
- Central American Red Brocket
- Yucatan Brown Brocket
- Small Red Brocket
- Dwarf Brocket
- Pygmy Brocket
- Merida Brocket
- Little Red Brocket
- American Red Brocket
- Ecuador Red Brocket
- Brazilian Red Brocket
- Brazilian Red Brocket
- Trinidad Red Brocket
- Southern Red Brocket
- Peruvian Red Brocket
- Colombian Red Brocket
Genus Blastocerus[]
- Marsh Deer
Genus Ozotoceros[]
- Pampas Deer
Genus Pudu[]
- Northern Pudú
- Southern Pudú
Genus Odocoileus[]
Extinct subfamilies, genera and species[]
The following is the classification of extinct cervids only, as well as including living lineages that have some species known from the fossil record or that have become extinct.
Genus †Dicrocerus[]
- †Dicrocerus elegans
- †Dicrocerus furcatus
- †Dicrocerus necatus
- †Dicrocerus teres
- †Dicrocerus trilateralis
Genus †Euprox[]
- †Euprox robustus
- †Euprox dicranocerus
- †Euprox fulcatus
Genus †Stephanocemas[]
- †Stephanocemas colberti
- †Stephanocemas colbert
- †Stephanocemas thomsoni
- †Stephanocemas elegantulus
- †Stephanocemas chinghaiensis
- †Stephanocemas triacuminatus
Genus †Paracervulus[]
- †Paracervulus australis